Linguistic terminology terms | LETTER - U
What is an ultimate constituent?
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Definition
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An ultimate constituent is one of the grammatically irreducible units that constitutes a
construction
.
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Examples (English)
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Generic
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An ultimate constituent is a kind of
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Definition
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An unbound root is a
root
which can occur by itself as a separate word. Another
morpheme
need not be affixed to it in order for it to be a
word
.
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Definition
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An unbound stem is a
stem
which can occur by itself as a separate word. Another
morpheme
need not be affixed to it in order for it to be a
word
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What is unbounded deixis?
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Definition
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Unbounded deixis is a distinction in
place deixis
that indicates the lack of a defined border.
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Example (English)
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Generic
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Unbounded deixis is a kind of
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Definition
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A universal principle is something that exists everywhere; something characteristic of all languages.
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What is an unproductive affix?
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Definition
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An unproductive affix is a derivational affix which is no longer used to form new words.
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Generic
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An unproductive affix is a kind of
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What is an unratified participant?
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Definition
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An unratified participant is a person present at, but not a recognized participant of, a conversation or other speech event.
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Generic
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An unratified participant is a kind of
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What is an unused entity?
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Definition
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An unused entity is a
referent
referred to for the first time in the discourse, but assumed to be already a part of the
addressee
's knowledge.
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Generic
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An unused entity is a kind of
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Definition
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An upgrade is a move that is intended to strengthen a previous
utterance
.
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Generic
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An upgrade is a kind of
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Definition
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A usage type is a classification for
lexical units
on the basis of sociolinguistic and historical factors.
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Kinds
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Usage type
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This type indicates the lexical unit is …
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Archaic
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Rarely used today, except in certain restricted contexts, but occurs in earlier writings
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Colloquial
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In widespread use and is generally characteristic of conversation and informal writing
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Historical
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Refers to something that no longer exists and to which no term that is more current applies
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Obsolete
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No longer used but occurs in earlier writings
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Old-fashioned
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Not yet considered archaic but has the connotation of being spoken by an older generation of people
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Rare
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Not often used or has never been common
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Slang
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Not generally regarded as conventional or standard, but is used in highly informal contexts or for special effect
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Register
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A variety of language chosen by a user in a particular social context
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Honorific
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Used to confer honor or show respect
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Nonstandard
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A form that does not conform to the norm of speaking or the prestige dialect
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Restrictive
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Used only in certain limited contexts and may be highly inappropriate or offensive if used in other contexts
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Definition
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An utterance is a natural unit of speech bounded by breaths or pauses.
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An utterance is a complete unit of talk, bounded by the
speaker
's silence.
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Discussion
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Utterance does not have a precise linguistic definition. Phonetically an utterance is a unit of speech bounded by silence. In dialogue, each
turn
by a speaker may be considered an utterance.
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Linguists sometimes use utterance to simply refer to a unit of speech under study. The corresponding unit in written language is
text
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What is an utterance act?
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Definition
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An utterance act is a speech act that consists of the verbal employment of units of expression such as
words
and
sentences
.
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Generic
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An utterance act is a kind of
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