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"Assimilation = What is the difference between assimilation and Linking = consolidation?"
In the previous article, "What is Assimilation?" And "Elision," I talked about the difference between the two. I would like to explain assimilation again here, and then I would like to explain "Linking = consolidation".
Some people confuse "Assimilation" with "Elision", but the most common is the confusion between "Assimilation" and "Linking".
This time, I will talk about the difference between "Assimilation" and "Linking".
"When does Assimilation occur?"
"When Assimilation occurs"
There are two types of assimilation.
Case (1): "When the sound of the front consonant changes due to the influence of the sound of the back consonant"
Case (2): "When it sticks to the sound of the consonant behind it to form one sound".
At our school, we teach each of these two cases as follows.
Case (1): "When the sound of the front consonant changes due to the influence of the sound of the back consonant"
Regarding this case (1), we do not teach as "Assimilation". Because it is not assimilated. However, in general, the combination of these consonants is often introduced as "Assimilation". Here, we introduce the explanations that we teach at our school.
example ①：「miss you」＝「mɪs ju:」
Pronounced as " mɪ s j u: " instead of bold s + j = " ʃ " .
example ②：「Does she / Is she / Has she」＝「dəz ʃi / ɪz ʃi / həz ʃi 」
Instead of the bold "z" + " ʃ " "z" becoming " ʃ " , use " də ( z) ʃ i / ɪ ( z) ʃ i / hə ( z) ʃ i" and "z" Will drop out completely .
This is one of the "Elision" rules, not the "Assimilation " rule.
example ③：「Was shocked / He’s short」＝「wəz ʃɑːkt / hiːz ʃɔːrt」
Instead of the bold "z" + " ʃ " "z" becoming " ʒ ", the phonetic symbol remains " wə z ʃ ɑːkt / hiː z ʃ ɔːrt " and the sentence reads "z" weakly. The "z" frequency is about 20% (we teach you to read z weakly).
example ④：「She’s yet / His wife / Practices yoga / Is your」＝「ʃiːz jet / hɪz waɪf / præktɪsɪz joʊɡə / ɪz jər」
Bold "z" + "j", "z" + "w" do not mean "z" becomes " ʒ " , but the phonetic symbol is " ʃiː z j et / hɪ z w aɪf / præktɪsɪ z j oʊɡə / ɪ z j ər In the sentence, " z" is read weakly, so the "z" frequency is about 20%.
example ➄：「This shop」＝「ðɪs ʃɑːp 」
The bold "s" + " ʃ " " s " is not pronounced " ʃ ", but is pronounced as " ðɪ s ʃ ɑːp " as the phonetic symbol, and both "s" and " ʃ " are pronounced firmly. ..
As in the examples ① to ➄, the rule of "Assimilation" does not apply at our school.
Case (2): "When it sticks to the sound of the consonant behind it to form one sound"
Let's look at the second "when it sticks to the sound of the consonant behind it to form one sound" . This is the rule of "Assimilation" that we also teach.
example ①：「Did you / send you / hold your / need you / would you 」＝「dɪd ju: / send ju: / hoʊld jər / ni:d ju: / wʊd ju: 」
Bold "d" + "j" becomes " dʒ " and finally changes to " ʒ ". This is an example where the front and back consonants are combined into one sound.
example ②：「meet you / missed you / not your / got you / asked you / lost your 」＝「 mi:t ju: / mɪst ju: / nɑːt jər / ɡɑːt ju: / æskt ju: / lɔːst ju: 」
Bold "t" + "j" becomes " tʃ " by consonants before and after.
In this way, "Assimilation" means that "the consonants before and after affect each other and change to another sound"!
At our school, we will study the second pronunciation of this "Assimilation" at the A2 level.
What is "Linking"?
Next, I would like to talk about the "Linking" rule. This is different from "Assimilation" and has a different pronunciation rule.
Now let's take a look at the " Linking " rule.
Rule (1): If the end of the previous word is a consonant and the end of the word is a vowel, the sounds are connected.
Word example
[s]+[ɪ] boss is
[ŋ] + [ə] talking about
[m]+[ɑː] come on
[m]+[æ] I’m absolutely
[s]+[ɪ] class is
[v]+[ʌ] give up
[f]+[ɪ] enough is
[z]+[æ] He’s as
[ʃ]+[ɑː] finish on
[v]+[ə] gave a
[z]+[ɑː] is on
[z]+[ɪ] Is it
[θ]+[ə] truth about
[ð]+[ə] with a
[ʃ]+[aɪ] wish I was,
[ʒ]+[ɪ] massage is
Rule (2): Consonants of plosives [p] [k] [b] [g] At the end, if the back is a vowel, the sounds are connected.
Word example
[p]+[ɑː] top on
[p]+[ə] top officials
[p]+[ʌ] keep up
[p]+[ɪ] keep in touch
[k]+[ɑː] back on
[k]+[ɪ] check it
[k]+[ɪ] work in
[k] + [ə] ban k a ccount
[k] + [ə] boo k o f
[b]+[ɑː] job offer
[b]+[æ] web application
[g] + [ʌ] di g u p
[g]+[e] tag every item
Rule (3): Affricate consonants [tʃ] [dʒ] [ts] [dz] At the end, if the back is a vowel, the sounds are connected.
Word example
[tʃ]+[æ] as much as
[tʃ]+[ɪ] rich in ideas
[tʃ]+[ʌ] beach umbrella
[dʒ] + [ə] age of
[dʒ]+[ɔː] edge or
[dʒ]+[ɪ] Which page is it?
[dʒ]+[ɪ] change in
[ts]+[ə] arts and letters
[ts] + [ə] lots of
[ts]+[ə] costs and
[dz]+[ɑː] odds-on bet
[dz]+[ɪ] Number of cards issued
[dz]+[ʌ] hands up
[dz]+[ɑː] hands off
Rule (4): If the consonant [m] [l] ends and the back is a vowel, the sounds are connected.
Word example
[m]+[ɪ] come in
[m]+[ɑː] come on
[m]+[ə] come and get it
[m]+[ɪ] warm in here
[m]+[ɪ] I’m in
[l]+[ɪ] still in
[l]+[ʌ] tell us
[l] + [ə] all about
[l]+[ɑː] call on
[l] + [ə] i'll again
Rule ➄: If the previous word ends with a consonant and the following is a consonant [j], the sounds are connected.
Word example
[p]+[j] help yourself
[k]+[j] take your time
[n]+[j] in use
[l]+[j] still young
[k]+[j] quick U-turn
[ŋ]+[j] loving you
[m]+[j] from U.S.
[ð]+[j] with you
[ŋ]+[j] cooking utensils
[v]+[j] of use
The above is the difference between the six rules of "Assimilation" and "Linking". What did you think?
In this article, what is the difference between "Assimilation" and "Linking"? Was
introduced!
