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Examples of the the word, nucleotide , in a Sentence Context

The word ( nucleotide ), is the 17522 most frequently used in English word vocabulary

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  1. Is to form two covalent phosphodiester bonds between 3' hydroxyl ends of one, nucleotide , (" acceptor" ) with the 5' phosphate end of another (" donor" ). ATP is
  2. Phosphate nucleotide unit. Levine suggested that DNA consisted of a string of, nucleotide ,units linked together through the phosphate groups. However, Levene thought the
  3. In 1977 by Frederick Sanger. This technology allows scientists to read the, nucleotide ,sequence of a DNA molecule. In 1983,Mary Banks Mullins developed the polymerase
  4. Single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other, nucleotide ,sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package
  5. Involves the analysis and interpretation of various types of data, including, nucleotide , and amino acid sequences, protein domains, and protein structures. The actual
  6. Called class switch recombination (CSR). This mechanism relies on conserved, nucleotide ,motifs, called switch (S) regions, found in DNA upstream of each constant
  7. As the alpha (α),beta (β),and gamma (γ) phosphates. Consequently, as a, nucleotide , it (and its relatives ADP and AMP) is basically a monomer of RNA. ATP is
  8. Could not be resolved by the data from King's College, was to guess how the, nucleotide ,bases pack into the core of the DNA double helix. Another key to finding the
  9. May have influenced the evolution of the current genetic code based on four, nucleotide ,bases. This would occur, since the number of different bases in such an
  10. Of nucleotide s having the bases: adenine, cytosine,guanine, and thymine. A, nucleotide ,is a mono-, di-, or triphosphate deoxyribonucleoside; that is, a deoxyribose
  11. Process called somatic hypermutation (SHM). SHM results in approximately one, nucleotide ,change per variable gene, per cell division. Some point mutations will result
  12. Of DNA with the nucleotide s pointing inward, each matching a complementary, nucleotide ,on the other strand to form what looks like rungs on a twisted ladder. This
  13. Is used to create an amino acid sequence in protein; this translation between, nucleotide ,and amino acid sequences is known as the genetic code. With this molecular
  14. Acid is a complex, high-molecular-weight biochemical macromolecule composed of, nucleotide ,chains that convey genetic information. The most common nucleic acids are
  15. Which then defines one or more protein sequences. The relationship between the, nucleotide ,sequences of genes and the amino-acid sequences of proteins is determined by
  16. Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) by adenylyl cycle and metabolized by cyclic, nucleotide ,phosphodiesterase (Pies). Data also suggest that antidepressants can
  17. Pair changes have adaptive significance via comparisons with other vertebrates, nucleotide ,sequences. Pigmentation gene In December 2005,a study of the golden strain
  18. A process known as mutation bias. If two genotypes, for example one with the, nucleotide ,G and another with the nucleotide A in the same position, have the same fitness
  19. Molecular biologists, using phylogenetic, can compare protein amino acid or, nucleotide ,sequence homology (i.e., similarity ) to infer taxonomy and evolutionary
  20. G-C) was achieved by Watson" playing" with cardboard cut-out models of the, nucleotide ,bases, much in the manner that Linus Pauling had discovered the protein alpha
  21. Ca2±permeable ion channels that open when bound to an extracellular purine, nucleotide , In contrast to P2 receptors (agonist order ATP > ADP > AMP > ADO)
  22. Corresponds to the order of nucleotide s in the gene. This relationship between, nucleotide ,sequence and amino acid sequence is known as the genetic code. The amino acids
  23. True organelles: genome reduction, rapid rates of gene evolution, and bias in, nucleotide ,base composition favoring adenine and thymine, at the expense of guanine and
  24. Formed. Poly nucleotide s long polymers which are composed of 13 or more, nucleotide ,monomers, Polypeptides short polymers of amino acids, and Polysaccharides which
  25. Their attached phosphate groups are called nucleoside triphosphates. ) When a, nucleotide ,is being added to a growing DNA strand, two of the phosphates are removed and
  26. T). These four bases are attached to the sugar/phosphate to form the complete, nucleotide , as shown for adenosine monophosphate. The nucleases are classified into two
  27. With DNA repair protein XRCC1 to aid in sealing DNA during the process of, nucleotide ,excision repair and recombinant fragments. *DNA ligase IV: complexes with XRCC4
  28. End is lost. Hence, the energy source that usually provides energy to add a new, nucleotide ,is also lost. Replication process Origins For a cell to divide, it must first
  29. Classification The molecular classification of β-lactamases is based on the, nucleotide ,and amino acid sequences in these enzymes. To date, four classes are recognized
  30. Building, Crick and Watson learned that an antiparallel orientation of the two, nucleotide ,chain backbones worked best to orient the base pairs in the center of a double
  31. DNA and RNA molecules are comparatively stable at room temperature but the two, nucleotide ,strands will separate above a melting point that is determined by the length of
  32. This paper, based on Pieczenik's work, they speculate that code constraints on, nucleotide ,sequences allow protein synthesis without the need for a ribosome. It, however
  33. And a base linked to a sugar and one or more phosphate groups is called a, nucleotide , Polymers comprising multiple linked nucleotide s (as in DNA) is called a
  34. DNA chain measured 22 to 26 Ångströms wide (2.2 to 2.6 nanometers),and one, nucleotide ,unit measured 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) long. Although each individual repeating unit
  35. Function by adding nucleotide s onto the 3′ hydroxyl group of the previous, nucleotide ,in a DNA strand. As a consequence, all polymerases work in a 5′ to 3′ direction
  36. Nucleobases. In 1919,Phoebes Levine identified the base, sugar and phosphate, nucleotide ,unit. Levine suggested that DNA consisted of a string of nucleotide units
  37. Biological information at the beginning of the" genomic revolution ", such as, nucleotide ,and amino acid sequences. Development of this type of database involved not
  38. Then synthesizes a new strand of DNA by extending the 3' end of an existing, nucleotide ,chain, adding new nucleotide s matched to the template strand one at a time via
  39. If two genotypes, for example one with the nucleotide G and another with the, nucleotide ,A in the same position, have the same fitness, but mutation from G to A happens
  40. By himself. Crick did tentatively attempt to perform some experiments on, nucleotide ,base pairing, but he was more of a theoretical than an experimental biologist.
  41. Which indicated that the hydrophilic phosphate-containing backbones of the, nucleotide ,chains of DNA should be positioned to interact with water molecules on
  42. DNA was the so-called Chargaff ratios, experimentally determined ratios of the, nucleotide ,subunits of DNA: the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of
  43. As a double-stranded molecule, coiled into the shape of a double-helix. Each, nucleotide ,in DNA preferentially pairs with its partner nucleotide on the opposite strand:
  44. Cytosine can be found as part of DNA, as part of RNA, or as a part of a, nucleotide , As cytidine triphosphate (CTP),it can act as a co-factor to enzymes, and
  45. These two long strands entwine like vines, in the shape of a double helix. The, nucleotide ,repeats contain both the segment of the backbone of the molecule, which holds
  46. From the end of a strand in order to correct mismatched bases. If the 5 ', nucleotide ,needs to be removed during proofreading, the triphosphate end is lost. Hence
  47. A code might be" degenerate ", with 4×4×4=64 possible triplets of the four, nucleotide ,subunits while there were only 20 amino acids. Some amino acids might have
  48. Messenger RNA (a molecule with nucleotide s, very similar to DNA). The, nucleotide ,sequence of a messenger RNA is used to create an amino acid sequence in protein
  49. Is approximately 98.4 % identical to that of chimpanzees when comparing single, nucleotide ,polymorphisms (see human evolutionary genetics). The fossil record of
  50. In RNA. In the aqueous environment of the cell, the conjugated π bonds of, nucleotide ,bases align perpendicular to the axis of the DNA molecule, minimizing their

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